Longevity Records
Life Spans of Mammals, Birds, Amphibians, Reptiles, and Fish

Birds

References Cited

Cracraft, J., 1981. "Toward a phylogenetic classification of the recent birds of the world." Auk 98: 681-714.

Frith, H. J., 1962. The Mallee-fowl. Sydney, Angus and Robertson.

Gill, F. B., 1995. Ornithology. New York, W. H. Freeman and Company.

Griffiths, C. S., 1994. "Monophyly of the Falconiformes based on syringeal morphology." Auk 111(787-805).

Johnsgard, P. A., 1968. Waterfowl: Their Biology and Natural History. Lincoln, University of Nebraska Press.

Ligon, J. D., 1967. Relationship of the cathartid vultures. Occasional Papers, Ann Arbor, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology.

Mauere, D. R. and R. J. Raikow, 1981. "Appendicular myology, phylogeny, and classification of the avian order Coraciiformes (including Trogoniformes)." Annals of the Carnegie Museum 50: 417-434.

Pettingill, O. S. J., 1985. Ornithology in Laboratory and Field. Minneapolis, Burgess Publishing Company.

Prager, E. M. and A. C. Wilson, 1976. "Congruency of phylogenies derived from different proteins." Journal of Molecular Evolution 9: 45-57.

Proctor, N. S. and P. J. Lynch, 1993. Manual of Ornithology: Avian Structure and Function. New Haven, Yale University Press.

Sibley, C. G. and J. E. Ahlquist, 1990. Phylogeny and Classification of Birds: A Study in Molecular Evolution. New Haven, Yale University Press.

Simpson, G. G., 1946. "Fossil penguins." Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 87: 1-100.

Udvardy, M. and J. Farrand, 1994. National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Birds. New York, Alfred Knopf.

Verner, J., 1964. "Evolution of polygamy in the long-billed marsh wren." Evolution 18: 252-261.

Warham, J., 1990. The Petrels: Their Ecology and Breeding Systems. San Diego, Academic Press.

Welty, J., 1982. The Life of Birds. Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders.

Wooller, R. D., J. S. Bradley, et al., 1992. "Long-term population studies of seabirds." Trends in Ecology and Evolution 7: 111- 114.

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